Scrooge, or, Marley's Ghost

Walter Robert Booth (12 July 1869–1938) was a British magician and early pioneer of British film working first for Robert W. Paul and then Charles Urban mostly on “trick” films, where he pioneered the use of hand-drawing techniques that lead to the first British animated film, “The Hand of the Artist” (1906).

Booth, the son of a porcelain painter, followed his father with an apprentiship at the Royal Worcester Porcelain factory in 1882, where he worked until 1890. He had been a keen amateur magician and subsequently he joined the magic company of John Nevil Maskelyne and David Devant at the Egyptian Hall in Piccadilly, London, where he is presumed to have first encountered filmmaker Robert W. Paul, who exhibited some of his earliest films there in 1896.

Booth went to work for Paul first devising and then later directing short trick films, beginning with “The Miser’s Doom” and “Upside Down; or, the Human Flies” (both 1899). Many of their early collaborations, such as “Hindoo Jugglers” and “Chinese Magic” (both 1900) were based on conjuring tricks, whilst “A Railway Collision” (1900) pioneered the use of scale models. They reached the height of their collaboration in 1901; with simple trick films, such as “Undressing Extraordinary”, “The Waif and the Wizard” and “An Over-Incubated Baby” which relied on jump-cuts, “The Devil in the Studio” and “Artistic Creation” which integrated hand drawn elements, and “Cheese Mites; or, Lilliputians in a London Restaurant” which experimented with superimposition; as well as more complex films, such as “The Haunted Curiosity Shop”, “Scrooge; or, Marley’s Ghost” and “The Magic Sword” which has been compared to the work of Georges Méliès. Their collaborations continued for the next five years with such films as “The Extraordinary Waiter” (1902), “Extraordinary Cab Accident” and “The Voyage of the Arctic” (both 1903), befored culminating with “Is Spiritualism A Fraud?” and “The ‘?’ Motorist” (both 1906).

In 1906 Booth went to work for Charles Urban and constructed his own outdoor studio in the back garden of Neville Lodge, Woodlands, Isleworth, London, where, with F. Harold Bastick, he made “The Hand of the Artist” (1906), which has been described as the first British animated film. He went on to produce at least 15 films a year for Urban including semi-animated trick films “The Sorcerer’s Scissors” (1907), “When the Devil Drives” (1907), and proto-science fiction invasion fantasies “The Airship Destroyer” (1909) and “The Aerial Submarine” (1910), as well as “The Automatic Motorist” (1911), a partial remake of “The ‘?’ Motorist” (1906), up until 1915.

He subsequently went on to produce advertising films, including “A Cure for Cross Words” for Cadbury’s cocoa and chocolate and he invented an advertising method called Flashing Film Ads, described as unique colour effects in light and movement. Little is known of his subsequent career and he died in Birmingham in 1938. —Wikipedia